When can intermediate outcomes be used as surrogate outcomes?

JAMA

27 February 2020 - Randomised clinical trials have a long history of success in many medical arenas. 

Many trials that change clinical practice use clinical outcomes that are direct measures of how a patient feels, functions, or survives. 

The substantial resources required by trials using such end points are powerful incentive to pursue designs that reduce the numbers of patients required, the length of follow-up, and the trial costs.

Read JAMA Guide to Statistics and Methods

Michael Wonder

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Michael Wonder